dimanche 3 juillet 2011

Menya amoko y'ubwoba n'ikibutera



Ubwoba bukabije ni ni ibintu biza umwana akiri muto bitewe n’ibyo yagiye abona bikamutera ubwoba, bikajya mu bwonko bwe, ariko bikamugumamo . abahanga ku buzima bwo mumutwe (american psychiatric association ) ashyize ubwoba mu byiciro bitandukanye, hakaba hari ubwoba busanzwe, ubwoba bw’abantu benshi n’ubwoba bwo kwandura indwara runaka. Muri ubwo bwoba, hari ubwo bagaragaje mu byiciro.
Ubwoba bwo kugira ibiro byinshi ari bwo bita acrophobia, bikaba bitangira umwana yumva iwabo batishimira umubyibuho, bityo agakura abitinya kandi bikamugumamo ku buryo aramutse abyibushye yasa n’uwarwaye kubera uko abitinya.

Ubwoba bw’ inyamaswa:, ari bwo bita zoophobia mu rurimi rw’Icyongeraza bukaba  buterwa n’uko umwana ashobora kuba yarakanzwe cyangwa akaribwa n’inyamaswa. Icyo gihe,  ashobora gukura atinya inyamaswa aho ziva zikagera, ku buryo ashobora kurinda asaza akigira ubwoba.

Gutinya umwijima ari bwo bita nyctophobia mu rurimi  rw’Icyongereza. Aha,  umuntu akaba aterwa ubwoba n’umwijima bitewe n’uko yakuze abwirwa ko wenda mu mwijima habamo ibikoko, cyangwa imyuka mibi; mbese ibintu bibi gusa, wenda koko akaba yarahuriyemo  n’umugizi wa nabi bityo akabaho atinya umwijima.

Gutinya uburozi aribyo bita toxophobia; umuntu akunze kugira bene ubu bwoba ahanini iyo yigeze kurogwa akagera aho yenda gupfa, kuba afite umuntu yakundaga wishwe n’uburozi, cyangwa akaba  igihe yari akiri muto yarabuzwaga kwakira icyo ari cyo cyose ahawe mu kwirinda kurogwa.

Gutinya kuvugira mu ruhame, bita lalophobia.  Umuntu ukunda kugira bene ubu bwoba, ahanini uzasanga igihe yari akiri umwana  yiga, ibisubizo yatangaga bagenzi be baramusekaga, bityo akaba atarishimiraga kongera kugira ikindi yahaguruka ngo avuge. Ibyo ngo bituma n’iyo akuze bitabura kugagaraga bitewe no gutinya gusekwa cyangwa kubura icyo yavuga mu ruhame.

Gutinya kwandura indwara,  ari byo  bita mysophobia. Umuntu agira ubu bwoba bitewe n’ukuntu yumvishe kurwara bene iyo ndwara  byica nabi, ugasanga n’iyo ayanduye yumva yahita yipfira .

Gutinya gufata icyemezo, byitwa decidophobia. Umuntu akaba ahora afite impungenge z’ibyemezo afata. Ibyo bikunze kubaho iyo uhereye mu bwana bwe aba yarafashe icyemezo kikamugiraho ingaruka mbi cyangwa akaba atarahawe ubwisanzure mu byemezo byafatwaga mu buzima bwe.

Gutinya amazi  bita hydrophobia. Usanga umuntu atinya amazi ku buryo bukabije ariko abenshi bagaragaje ko batinya akonje biba biterwa n’uko yamenyereye koga amazi ashushye igihe yari  akiri muto n’igihe akuze ntayaveho. Iyo bibiye ngombwa ko yoga amazi akonje ni bwo agaragaza ubwo bwoba.

Gutinya inkuba, umurabyo, imyuzure, bita astraphobia. Ubu bwoba, umuntu ubugira aba yarakunze kureba  amashusho cyangwa filimi cyangwa yarazibwiwe,  zirimo bene ibi bintu n’ukuntu byangiza bikanica, bityo bigatuma yishyiramo ko biramutse bibereye aho ari atakoroherwa.

Hari igihe ubwoba bugira icyo bumarira abantu mu buzima nko kumva utinye kwandura indwara runaka, ariko si byiza ko ukomeza bene ubwo bwoba buba bwagukurikiranye uri na mukuru kuko bishobora gutuma ugira ikibazo mu mutwe nk’uko bigaragazwa mu gitabo kiswe The  diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder, 1987. Ababyeyi na bo bakwiriye kwirinda ibintu bakoresha iyo bakebura abana babo wenda babatera ubwoba ngo bakore ikintu runaka kuko byagaragaye ko ubwoba bukabije buterwa n’igihe umwana yari akiri muto, ikintu cyamuteye ubwoba kikaba gishobora kumutera guhora atinya.

Tubikesha: The Adolescent  

Ifoto: chezmanoch.e-monsite.com
UWASE Muvunyi Denise

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